According to the Environmental Defense Fund, heating systems cause 50% more pollution in New York City than cars and trucks. EDF obtained data from the New York City Department of Environmental Protection in early 2009 showing which buildings in the city use the "dirty" No. 4 or No. 6 heating oil, as opposed to the relatively cleaner-burning No. 2 oil or natural gas. This Flash-based map, created from that data, shows a building-by-building status of heating oil in use, as well as pending applications for fuel changes. In addition, this map features an address search widget so that you can look for a specific building directly.
WaterGoodness is a new site allowing users to share and find water quality reports across the United States. The site combines water quality and pollution data from a variety of government sources with visitor reports of their local water quality.
By searching the US Environmental Protection Agency's database, GreenSpaceMap offers visitors the ability to locate environmental threats in their neighborhood or region. Locations like Superfund sites and brownfields are visible once you type in a starting address. This is also an entry in the Sunlight Labs Apps for America contest.
The US Forest Service has this Google Earth file (based on NASA satellite data) of near-real-time fires for the entire continental US
For those of you without access to Google Maps or Google Earth, CALFIRE (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection) has plenty of up-to-date information on the fires, including frequently-updated incident maps covering the entire state.
"This program is intended to make working with the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) easier. iGMT provides a graphical user interface for GMT and is written in the Tcl/Tk computer language. Besides supplying a user friendly way of handling GMT, iGMT comes with built-in support for many different geoscientific data sets, such as topography, gravity, seafloor age, hypocenter catalogs, plate boundary files, hotspot lists, CMT solutions etc."
An interactive mapping tool with a built in datasets.
A good website to read up on it is MapCruzer! and CRAN's site. This tool can use geostatistics and spatial regression as well and read and write geodata. It also has special tools for disease analysis and ecological analysis.